That doesn't mean it's less significant, or any less consequential.inator wrote:It's less straightforward because we're talking about a multi-layered risk of causing harm (basically a risk of a risk of harm), as opposed to actual harm.
Remember when we talked about shooting into a theater, and accidentally killing a suicide bomber?
It's like that.
Even if you infect people, you're only equally as guilty as somebody who engaged in the same behavior (and through luck) infected nobody.
Even if you are lucky and infect nobody, you're just as guilty as somebody who was unlucky and infected people.
The morality of your action (at least in terms of responsibility) is based on its probable outcome, not the actual outcome, because you have no means of seeing the perfect future (in fact, the perfect future doesn't even exist -- look at quantum physics, and how it throws a monkey wrench in absolute determinism).
We are limited by both our knowledge, and dumb luck inherent in chaotic functions which are stirred down not just to the level of butterflies, but to uncaused quantum events.
That's true, sure. But what is that level? 6? 12? We don't know.inator wrote:Which means that if you apply that to getting tested and using protection, the recommendations should be much more liberal in order to get to the same level of risk.
In either case, without even needing to draw arbitrary lines, we know that fewer will be better (all other things being equal). That's not an extreme claim to make, I don't think.
That's true. But also consider the ratio: Number or orgasms / riskinator wrote:True, stable long-term relationships decrease your number of partners, however they’re also less likely to involve using condoms all the time. This could mean that it may be riskier to be with someone who’s had a few (say 3) long-term relationships, than with someone who’s had multiple (say 13) shorter-term ones with protection. Because it’s the protection that makes the bigger difference here, not the number.
Long term relationships are likely to result in a lot more sex over the same time period, since they're more practical, than a series of very short (such as once or twice) relationships.
If we're looking at variety as having value, just swing: two or three long term couples swinging for variety may have the lowest risk total of any option, since it may also reduce infidelity.
That's true, but I'm most interested in average behavior, since we're usually talking to average people.inator wrote:There are so many possible constellations of relationships in one’s lifetime that could speak in favor or against this… It’s just very difficult to know who’s more of a ‘slut’ just based on the number of partners (if the word really is based on risk and nothing else for you), so it’s wrong to talk in such absolute terms.
Keep in mind: Simpler advice is often easier to follow, even though it may be incomplete, it may see more consistent results. Kind of a Gödel parallel, on consistency and completeness?
All other things being equal, fewer partners is better than more. And looking at average behavior, there are certain imperfect but generally useful assumptions that we can and should probably make.
Synergy is a matter of efficiency, paying more attention to quantity or quality of disparate sources would compensate for that.inator wrote:I’m still not convinced that different elements of a relationship can entirely be replaced by substitute behaviors (hand+games+….), and that the sum of those will definitely result in the same value. That may be a reductionist way of looking at things, since there are probably also reinforcing interaction effects between those elements - making them work synergistically and be more fulfilling when you get them all together from one source.
But we CAN look at overall effects in terms of time investment and return on well being. Those studies on academic performance are a great window into potential research on this -- where it's good to date, but not be sexually active, for academic performance.
Maybe this optimizes efficiency of friendship activity and minimizes drama?
I'd love to see more studies like this. Also on swinging, which from what I've seen kind of incorporates the best of both worlds, limiting a sexual pool to longer term relationships but reduces infidelity and increases relationship satisfaction.
But, that's probably another topic.
Without more research to make us confident about higher numbers or more conventionally risky behavior in relationships, we should err on the side of being a little conservative -- but not so conservative as to give impractical advice that nobody could follow. It's a delicate balance.
Essentially, the best advice represents a calculus: The smallest number of partners that the most people will actually stick to.
Yes, but that's only if you're willing to come out and say the lesser of 'goods' from two options is wrong -- not the moral action to take. It's something utilitarianism must commit to, but that also results in other uncomfortable outcomes.inator wrote:The alternative behavior would work in utilitarianism too - you would also increase the enjoyment of the consensual partner, so you get that added positive effect. But I do get what you’re trying to say.
Not only does it result in the problem of the utility monster, but it results in a demand for idealism or perfection in order to be "good".
Narrowed down to two people -- without outside consequences -- if he's asking what he should do in order to be moral, and doesn't want you to lie to him, then you should tell him the truth.inator wrote:My question exactly - not what I should do myself (that’s clear), but what I should tell others to do.
This, because his will to be told the truth outweighs his desire to be lied to in order to obtain more pleasure.
Remember, it's acting to enable the will of another (which may apply to many things), and not superficial experience of pleasure and pain that makes up moral significance in your interactions with others. Utilitarianism often gets this wrong (although preference utilitarianism gets it right).
Narrowed down to two people -- without outside consequences -- If he wanted to be lied to, then you should lie to him. (This doesn't apply when it's in the wild, though, where lies and spread and be harmful).
Anyway, considering only that, and knowing that Red is a rational person who values the truth, does he want to be lied to, or does he want the truth?
If he (not talking about Red here) is willing to be moral, you are not violating that by helping him do that.inator wrote:Let's say that I’m an altruistic advice giver, and someone asks me what to do in a particular circumstance. Do I advise him to do what will increase overall well-being - excluding myself, but including him, OR excluding myself AND him? My concern for his well-being conflicts with my concern for his morality/his altruistic decision-making position.
Put yourself in his shoes. You want to be moral; you make the moral choice to put altruism above selfish desire. You ask for advice on how to be moral; do you want to be lied to, or be told the truth on how to do that?
By telling the truth, you are not just helping another realize the will to know true information, but also enabling altruism, which is good in a more global sense and what that person wants to do anyway.
This kind of gets back into the utility monster example, wherein by enabling the utility monster to do evil, you're also doing evil. I think I still need to reply to a post in that thread.
Which violates his will. He doesn't want to be lied to, so don't do that.inator wrote:1. If I tell him to include concern for himself, that conflicts with his morality.
Not necessarily. He may just choose means of satisfying himself that also help others, or that don't harm them, and otherwise do good deeds.inator wrote:2. If I tell him to be altruistic, he will exclude the concern for himself.
Being altruistic on average doesn't mean complete self sacrifice. Nobody is perfect, and that's not a realistic expectation as a result. We all do a little for ourselves too.
Anyway, nobody is going to choose to act against his or her own will. You can't will to violate your will.
If he doesn't want to be an altruist, he won't be an altruist.
This is why arbitrary metrics like "well-being" that are not well defined and are based on anything but the desires of the individual are inherently flawed.